初中英语被动语态：用法、运用与区别

被动语态是中考的重要考点，特别是在短文填空中。下面我们来一起了解初中英语被动语态的用法。

一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词。例如：Our classroom is cleaned everyday.

一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词。例如：A new shop was built last year.

现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词。例如：This book has been translated into many languages.

一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词。例如：Many more trees will be planted next year.

含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词。例如：Young trees must be watered often.

现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词。例如：Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now.

不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词。例如：There are two books to be read. →There are twenty more trees to be planted.

被动语态的运用：

不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如：Paper is made from wood.纸是由木材生产出来的。

需要强调动作的对象时。例如：Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.计算器不能用于数学考试。

为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。例如：The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。

被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别：

含义不同：被动语态强调动作，重点说明动作由谁完成.怎样完成；而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景，叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。试比较：The window is broken. 窗子破了。（系表结构）The window is broken by him. 窗子被他打破了。（被动语态）（2)用法不同：过去分词作表语时可以被 so，very，too等程度副词修饰，而被动语态则不能用so，very，too修饰，而需用much，very much，so much，too much修饰。试比较：He was very interested in science.他对科学有极大兴趣。（系表结构）I was so much surprised at the scene that I didn't know what to do. 我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊，不知所措。（被动语态）